Items

We have made a selection of 10 items of different types coming from archives, museums, libraries websites, and they represent several aspects of the movie "La Dolce Vita". For each items we have represented the following information:

Type of item
Link to the source

La fontana di Trevi

Video Documentary

La dolce vita (soundtrack) by Nino Rota

Soundtrack

La Dolce Vita (movie)

DVD

Fellini portrait

Video Documentary

La Dolce Vita (poster)

Playbill

Nella città delle donne: femminile e sogno nel cinema di Federico Fellini

Book

Anita Ekberg and Marcello Mastroianni in the Trevi Fountain

Photograph

Fellini and the Palme d'Or obtained for "La Dolce Vita"

Photograph

Pretino

Costume

Fellini "spettatore" del suo film : Processo alla "Dolce vita"

Newspaper article

Note: the images of the article "Fellini "spettatore" del suo film: processo alla "Dolce vita"" are not available online. At the same time, the description provided by the Rete bibliotecaria di Romagna e San Marino was not very clear. For this reason, we went to the library of Rimini in order to read, analyse and photograph the document, as to provide a clearer overview of the cultural object.

Read the article here.

E/R model & Conceptual map

We have drawn a conceptual map in order to describe our data and to visually organize the information in a clear way, highlighting the relations between them. This model relates the central idea of the movie "La Dolce Vita" directed by Federico Fellini during 1960. We have also choosen to emphasize the iconic set of the Trevi Fountain as a place related to the main idea. Furthermore, if the movie presents several important thematics, we were interested in the analysis of the relationship of Fellini with the female world. In the following models, you can find entities represented as circles and items as drops, connected to each other by particular relationships.

Starting from the items and the idea that we had, we firstly draw a detailed conceptual map. Then, from the latter, we have created a more general E/R Model (i.e. Entity / Relationship model) composed of entity types and relationships that can exist between entities, showing our model in a more abstract way.

Conceptual map

¹ Interview "Fellini portrait"

² Fellini "spettatore" del suo film : Processo alla "Dolce vita"

³ "La Dolce Vita", movie

⁴ Poster of "La Dolce Vita"

⁵ La dolce vita / Music composed by Nino Rota

⁶ Fellini with the "Palme d'Or" prize

⁷ Anita Ekberg's costume: "Pretino"

⁸ "Nella città delle donne. Femminile e sogno nel cinema di Federico Fellini" by Cini Roberta

⁹ The protagonists Marcello Mastroianni and Anita Ekberg in the Trevi fountain, Rome 1959

¹⁰ Documentary about the Trevi Fountain

E/R model

Metadata analysis

In order to have a more precise idea of the metadata standards used to describe the selected items by the heritage institutions in which our items are held, we have created the following table.

Type	Title	Provider	Metadata standard
Book	"Nella città delle donne. Femminile e sogno nel cinema di Federico Fellini" by Cini Roberta	ScopriRete	ISBD¹
Costume	Anita Ekberg's costume: "Pretino"	Sistema Archivistico Nazionale (SAN)	EAD²
Dvd	"La Dolce Vita"	Cineteca di Bologna	ISBD
Photo	The protagonists Marcello Mastroianni and Anita Ekberg in the Trevi fountain	Getty Images	IPTC³
Photo	Fellini with the "Palme d'Or" prize	Roger-Viollet partner of Europeana photography (through Getty Images)	EDM
Poster	Poster of "La Dolce Vita"	Sbn Ubo	ISBD
Article	Fellini "spettatore" del suo film : Processo alla "Dolce vita"	ScopriRete	ISBD
Soundtrack	La dolce vita / Music composed by Nino Rota	CulturaItalia	DCMI Metadata Terms⁴
Video	Interview "Fellini portrait"	Institute National de l'Audiovisuel (through Europeana)	EDM
Video	Documentary about the Trevi Fountain	Archivio Istituto Luce⁵	EAD

Notes:

¹ We have contacted sbn ubo-Polo Bolognese because the platform was not clear about the standards used. As we thought, they confirmed the use of REICAT rules (Regole italiane di catalogazione). Despite this, for all the bibliographic resources we decided to use the ISBD standard because of its international value and because REICAT is also based on ISBD.

² The digital archive of SAN includes both documents resident in an external system, to which the user is sent for more accurate and complete consultation, and documents that are directly stored and displayed in SAN. To handle correctly this situation, SAN has developed the METS-SAN standard, which is based on the METS standard (metadata encoding and transmission standard), standard for encoding and interchange of metadata expressed in XML that provides a tool to represent metadata (descriptive, administrative and structural) necessary for both the management of the objects of a digital repository and the exchange of those objects between repositories (or between the repositories and their users). However, in the METS-SAN documentation is explicitely declared that METS-SAN descriptive areas are completed follwing the EAD standard. Consequentely, we decided to refer to EAD in this section, also considering its international value and widespread use.

³ Since Getty images does not specify the standards used to describe the photographs, we have decided to use IPTC, Photo Metadata standard, the most widely used standard because of its universal acceptance among photographers, distributors, news organizations, archivists, and developers. The schema defines metadata structure, properties, and fields, so that images are optimally described.

⁴ Cultura Italia uses PICO Application Profile, which is a Dublin Core Application Profile for "Portale della Cultura Italiana". In line with the previous choices, we decided to opt for the DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative) Metadata Terms.

⁵ As regards Istituto Luce, for the descriptive processing of audiovisual documentation, the xdams cataloguing platform took into account the "Cataloguing Rules For Film Archives" of FIAF, the International Federation of Film Archives. In absence of a proper descriptive standard for processing the documentation of moving images, a specific reference DTD has been developed in consistency with the model adopted for the description of the archive photo gallery. Thus, the specific descriptive fields provided in the FIAF standards have been "mapped" with the descriptive elements of the EAD data model.

Metadata alignment

After the investigation and description of the standards used by the institutions previously cited, we have aligned the standards (EDM, DCMI Metadata Terms, EAD, ISBD, IPTC), matching their properties according to their roles. In particular, we have splitted the properties based on the four main categories in which our items are divided (Person, Date, Place, Event/concept- as you can see in our E/R model). Analysing these tables is possible to notice that each institution has some typical materials and objects to describe but, on the other hand, each object has its own standard to follow.

People

PROPERTY	EDM	DCMI Metadata Terms	EAD	ISBD	IPTC
Creator	dc:creator	dc:creator	<author>	1.4 Statement of responsibility	6.5 Creator 6.6 Creator's contact info 6.7 Creator's jobtitle
Publisher	dc:publisher	dc:publisher	<publisher>	4.2 Name of publisher, producer and/or distributor	/
Owner	edm:provider	dc:provenance	/	/	10.14 Image Supplier

Date

PROPERTY	EDM	DCMI Metadata Terms	EAD	ISBD	IPTC
Created	dcterms:created	dcterms:created	<unitdate>	4.3 Date of publication, production and/or distribution	6.9 Date created
Publishing date	dcterms:issued	dcterms:issued	<date>	4.6 Date of printing or manufacture	/

Place

PROPERTY	EDM	DCMI Metadata Terms	EAD	ISBD	IPTC
Current location	edm:currentLocation	dcterms:location	<physloc>	/	/
Place of publication	/	/	<geogname>	4.1 place of publication, production and/or distribution	/
Locatation of creation	/	/	/	4.4 Place of printing or manufacture	10.18 Location created 10.19 Location Shown in the image

Subject/Concept

PROPERTY	EDM	DCMI Metadata Terms	EAD	ISBD	IPTC
Title	dc:title	dc:title dc:alternative	<unittitle>	1.1 Title proper 1.2 Parallel title	6.23 Title
Description	dc:description	dc:description dc:tableOfContents	<abstract>	/	6.10 Description
Subject	dc:subject	dc:subject	<subject>	/	6.16. Keywords
Type	dc:type edm:type	dc:type	/	0.2 Media type	10.7 Digital source type
Material	dcterms:medium	dcterms:medium	/	5 Material description area	11.1.12 Physical Description
Format	dc:format	dc:format	/	/	/
Size/Duration	dcterms:extent edm:TimeSpan	dcterms:extent	<materialspec>	5.1.5 Playing time	10.20 Max avail Height 10.21 Max avail Widht
Language	dc:language	dc:language	<langmaterial>	7.1.2.2 Notes on language	/
Identifier	dc:identifier	dc:identifier	<recordid>	8.1 Resource identifier	10.6 Digital image GUID
Rights	dc:rights edm:rights	dc:rights dcterms:rightsHolder	<rightsdeclaration>	4.3.6 Copyright Date	6.2 Copyright notice 6.8 Credit line
Notes	/	/	<note>	7 Note area	/

Theoretical model

In the theoretical model we established which existent ontologies and standards could be the most appropriate regarding our items reasoning on what we need to represent our idea.
The model answers to the following questions:

WHO : how to describe people/organizations?

Having to reflect on people in relation to the items (e.g. Fellini is the author of the article but also the director of "La Dolce Vita"), our intent is not only to describe "people" as authors of the items but in relation to "La Dolce Vita" itself. Therefore we need not only a precise description of the individual person but a description that is functional to the role that they have in relation to the creation, preservation and dissemination of the movie. Consequently, we decided to use the following ontologies and standards:

FOAF ("Friend of a Friend"): The FOAF project is a community driven effort to define an RDF vocabulary for expressing metadata about people, and their interests, relationships and activities. We choose this ontology to highlight the personal information of the person/organisation.

When FOAF did not provide a method to define other information relevant to us we decided to use:

EAC-CPF (Encoded Archival Context-Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families): EAC-CPF is an XML-Schema for the International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ISAAR). It is used closely in association with Encoded Archival Description (EAD).
DBpedia: DBpedia is a project aiming to extract structured content from the information created in the Wikipedia project. It allows users to semantically query relationships and properties of Wikipedia resources, including links to other related datasets.
SCHEMA: Schema.org is a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages, and beyond.

WHERE : which kind of information for places?

In the context of the description of places we used the most important ontologies in this field:

RDF: RDF is a standard model for data interchange on the Web. RDF has features that facilitate data merging even if the underlying schemas differ, and it specifically supports the evolution of schemas over time without requiring all the data consumers to be changed.
GeoNames: the GeoNames geographical database covers all countries and contains over eleven million placenames that are available for download free of charge.
DBpedia: DBpedia in our case could be usefull to identify the country and the city in which the place is located.
Basicgeo: is a basic RDF vocabulary that provides the Semantic Web community with a namespace for representing lat(itude), long(itude) and other information about spatially-located things, using WGS84 as a reference datum.

WHEN : how to express the notion of time?

For the concept of time we mainly referred to time as the date of the event. Since it is the most important, we decided to use the International Standard for the representation of dates and times ISO 8601, specified by the W3Consortium. The format of the Complete Date is: YYYY-MM-DD (Y=year, M=month, D=day). To include this information in the RDF file we used the EAC-CPF attribute for dates, EAC-CPF:standardDate.

WHAT : what is the main subject/concept?

The idea is to describe a concept/content of the objects through their characteristics and relationships with other concepts, people and events. In our opinion the best way to do so is by exploiting the following ontologies.

RDF
DCMI metadata Terms: it is an up-to-date specification of all metadata terms maintained by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, including properties, vocabulary encoding schemes, syntax encoding schemes, and classes.
DBpedia
FOAF
RDFS (RDF Schema): RDFS is a set of classes with certain properties using the RDF extensible knowledge representation data model, providing basic elements for the description of ontologies, otherwise called RDF vocabularies, intended to structure RDF resources. These resources can be saved in a triplestore to reach them with the query language SPARQL.
SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System): SKOS is a W3C recommendation designed for representation of thesauri, classification schemes, taxonomies, subject-heading systems, or any other type of structured controlled vocabulary. SKOS is part of the Semantic Web family of standards built upon RDF and RDFS, and its main objective is to enable easy publication and use of such vocabularies as linked data.

Conceptual model

After the production of our theoretical model, where we established the most appropriate standards/ontologies, we have created the conceptual model as a concrete representation of the previous one. Our model provides description of people/organizations, places, dates, concepts related to the items. Through a series of questions, we found the properties/predicates of the ontologies chosen that provide a proper representation of the objects according to our specifications.

WHO?

QUESTION	PREDICATE	MODEL
What type of entity?	eac-cpf:entity	EAC-CPF
What is the given name?	foaf:givenName	FOAF
What is the surname?	foaf:surname	FOAF
What is the name?	foaf:name	FOAF
What is the gender?	foaf:gender	FOAF
What is his/her nationality?	dbo:nationality	DBpedia
Where is the headquarter of the organization?	dbo:headquarter	DBpedia
When was the person born?	foaf:birthday	FOAF
When did the person died?	dbo:deathDate	DBpedia
When was the organization founded?	schema:foundingDate	SCHEMA
When did the organization stop its activity?	schema:dissolutionDate	SCHEMA
What is the history of the person/organization?	eac-cpf:biogHist	EAC-CPF
What is the person/organization’s Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	DBpedia

WHERE?

QUESTION	PREDICATE	MODEL
What type of entity?	rdf:type	RDF
What is the name of the place?	gn:name	GeoNames
What is the alternative name for the place?	gn:alternateName	GeoNames
What is the country the place is located?	dbo:country	DBpedia
In which city the place is located?	dbo:city	DBPedia
What is the latitude?	WGS84_POS:lat	Basic Geo
What is the longitude?	WGS84_POS:long	Basic Geo
What is the country code?	gn:countryCode	GeoNames
What is the place Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	DBpedia
Brief description	dbo:abstract	DBpedia

WHEN?

QUESTION	PREDICATE	MODEL
What type of entity?	rdf:type	RDF
What is the format of the date?	eac-cpf:standardDate	EAC-CPF

WHAT?

QUESTION	PREDICATE	MODEL
What type of entity?	rdf:type	RDF
What is the subject?	dcterms:subject	DCMI Metadata Terms
What is the summary?	dcterms:abstract	DCMI Metadata Terms
What are the places related to the concept/subject?	dbo:relatedplaces	DBPedia
Which resource has the concept/subject as primary topic?	foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	FOAF
What are other useful references for the resource?	rdfs:seeAlso	RDFS
What are the people/organizations/concepts related with?	skos:related	SKOS

Data description

Following the conceptual model we have described 3 items in natural language. For each item we described a person, a place and a concept related with it.

1 - Picture of Fellini with the Palme d'Or Prize

WHO?
Agency Roger-Viollet

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Agency Roger-Viollet
What type of entity?	eac-cpf:entity	corporateBody
What is the given name?	foaf:givenName	/
What is the surname?	foaf:surname	/
What is the name?	foaf:name	Parisienne de Photographie - Roger-Viollet
What is the gender?	foaf:gender	/
What is his/her nationality?	dbo:nationality	/
Where is the headquarter of the organization?	dbo: headquarter	Paris
When was the person born?	foaf:birthday	/
When did the person died?	dbo:deathDate	/
When was the organization founded?	schema:foundingDate	1938
When did the organization stop its activity?	schema:dissolutionDate	/
What is the history of the person/organization?	eac-cpf:biogHist	The name of the Roger-Viollet family has become that of the famous Parisian agency of old photographs of the rue de Seine founded in 1938 by Hélène Roger-Viollet , on the initial base of the photographic collection constituted by his father Henri Roger-Viollet, engineer and experienced photographer.
What is the person/organization’s Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger-Viollet

WHERE?
Cannes

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Cannes
What type of entity?	rdf:type	place
What is the name of the place?	gn:name	Cannes
What is the alternative name for the place?	gn:alternateName	Cano; Canne
What is the country the place is located?	dbo:country	France
What is the city the place is located?	dbo:city	Cannes
What is the latitude?	WGS84_POS:lat	43.55135
What is the longitude?	WGS84_POS:long	7.01275
What is the country code?	gn:countryCode	FR, FRA, 250
What is the place Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannes
Brief description	dbo:abstract	Cannes is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity.

WHAT?
Prizegiving

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Prizegiving
What type of entity?	rdf:type	Concept
What is the subject?	dcterms:subject	The awarding of "La Dolce VIta"
What is the summary?	dcterms:abstract	The awarding of the Palme d'Or to Fellini for the movie "La Dolce Vita"
What are the places related to the concept/subject?	dbo:relatedplaces	Cannes
Which resource has the concept/subject as primary topic?	foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	/
What are other useful references for the resource?	rdfs:seeAlso	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palme_d%27Or
What are the people/organizations/concepts related with?	skos:related	Federico Fellini

2 - "Pretino" costume

WHO?
Sorelle Fontana

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Sorelle Fontana
What type of entity?	eac-cpf:entity	corporateBody
What is the given name?	foaf:givenName	/
What is the surname?	foaf:surname	/
What is the name?	foaf:name	Sorelle Fontana Alta Moda s.r.l.
What is the gender?	foaf:gender	/
What is his/her nationality?	dbo:nationality	/
Where is the headquarter of the organization?	dbo:headquarter	Rome
When was the person born?	foaf:birthday	/
When did the person died?	dbo:deathDate	/
When was the organization founded?	schema:foundingDate	1943
When did the organization stop its activity?	schema:dissolutionDate	1992
What is the history of the person/organization?	eac-cpf:biogHist	Sorelle Fontana Alta Moda s.r.l. is a fashion house, specialized in high fashion sartorial productions. Founded in Rome in 1943, by the three Italian sisters and stylists: Zoe (1911-1979), Micol (1913-2015) and Giovanna (1915-2004). The Fontana sisters, with their atelier, were the first to give a lively boost to Made in Italy, making the Italian style famous in the world.
What is the person/organization’s Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorelle_Fontana

WHERE?
Rome

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Rome
What type of entity?	rdf:type	place
What is the name of the place?	gn:name	Rome
What is the alternative name for the place?	gn:alternateName	Roma
What is the country the place is located?	dbo:country	Italy
What is the city the place is located?	dbo:city	Rome
What is the latitude?	WGS84 _POS:lat	41.89193
What is the longitude?	WGS84 _POS:long	12.51133
What is the country code?	gn:countryCode	IT, ITA, 380
What is the place Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome
Brief description	dbo:abstract	Rome is the capital city of Italy. Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region. It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4,355,725 residents, thus making it the most populous metropolitan city in Italy.

WHEN?
1955

QUESTION	PREDICATE	1955
What type of entity?	rdf:type	Date
What is the format of the date?	eac-cpf:standardDate	YYYY

WHAT?
Fellini's relationship with women

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Fellini's relationship with women
What type of entity?	rdf:type	Concept
What is the subject?	dcterms:subject	Fellini's relationship with women
What is the summary?	dcterms:abstract	The woman in Fellini's imagination is always present, the absolute protagonist, playfully female, prosperous, shapely, huge breasts and hips, junonic, sometimes ridiculous, grotesque, all markedly Fellinian. Women have been a constant for the master.
What are the places related to the concept/subject?	dbo:relatedplaces	/
Which resource has the concept/subject as primary topic?	foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	/
What are other useful references for the resource?	rdfs:seeAlso	Article: "Fellini on men, women, love, life, art and his new movie" movie: "8 1/2" movie: "La città delle donne"
What are the people/organizations/concepts related with?	skos:related	Federico Fellini, Anita Ekberg, Giulietta Masina¹

Notes:

¹In the part concerning the concept we have also referred to people and organizations that are not considered in our E/R model (e.g. Giulietta Masina, Anita Ekberg) but that are useful to highlight the links in the graph and RDF model.

3 - "La Dolce Vita" Movie

WHO?
Federico Fellini

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Federico Fellini
What type of entity?	eac-cpf:entity	Person
What is the given name?	foaf:givenName	Federico
What is the surname?	foaf:surname	Fellini
What is the name?	foaf:name	Federico Fellini
What is the gender?	foaf:gender	Male
What is his/her nationality?	dbo:nationality	Italian
Where is the headquarter of the organization?	dbo:headquarter	/
When was the person born?	foaf:birthday	1920/01/20
When did the person died?	dbo:deathDate	1993/10/31
When was the organization founded?	schema:foundingDate	/
When did the organization stop its activity?	schema:dissolutionDate	/
What is the history of the person/organization?	eac-cpf:biogHist	Federico Fellini was an Italian screenwriter, director, cartoonist and writer and is considered one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema. His most famous films - La strada, Le notti di Cabiaria, La Dolce Vita, 8 1/2, Amarcord - have become topoi mentioned all over the world.
What is the person/organization’s Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Fellini

WHERE?
Italy

QUESTION	PREDICATE	Italy
What type of entity?	rdf:type	place
What is the name of the place?	gn:name	Italy
What is the alternative name for the place?	gn:alternateName	Italia; Italie
What is the country the place is located?	dbo:country	Italy
In which city the place is located?	dbo:city	/
What is the latitude?	WGS84_POS:lat	41.89193
What is the longitude?	WGS84_POS:long	12.51133
What is the country code?	gn:countryCode	IT, ITA, 380
What is the place Wikipedia page?	dbo:wikiPageExternalLink	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy
Brief description	dbo:abstract	Italy, officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana) is a European country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Italian Alps and surrounded by several islands. Located in the middle of the Mediterranean sea and traversed along its length by the Apennines, Italy has a largely temperate seasonal climate. The country covers an area of 301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi) and shares open land borders with France, Slovenia, Austria, Switzerland and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino.

WHEN?
1960

QUESTION	PREDICATE	1960
What type of entity?	rdf:type	Date
What is the format of the date?	eac-cpf:standardDate	YYYY

WHAT?
La Dolce Vita (lifestyle)

QUESTION	PREDICATE	La Dolce Vita (lifestyle)
What type of entity?	rdf:type	Concept
What is the subject?	dcterms:subject	La Dolce Vita
What is the summary?	dcterms:abstract	The theme of the film is predominantly café society, the diverse and glittery world rebuilt upon the ruins and poverty of the Italian postwar period.
What are the places related to the concept/subject?	dbo:relatedplaces	Rome; Italy
Which resource has the concept/subject as primary topic?	foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	movie: "La Dolce Vita"
What are other useful references for the resource?	rdfs:seeAlso	earBook: "La Dolce Vita. The golden age of italian lifestyle."
What are the people/organizations/concepts related with?	skos:related	Federico Fellini

RDF

In this section we have described entities, identified in the previous step, using the Turtle serialization. XML syntax and graph visualization are also provided. We have chosen to create a single and comprehensive representation of our entities in order to highlight the connection between them.

TURTLE


                @prefix : <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttl>.

                @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>.
                @prefix foaf: <//xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>.
                @prefix dbo: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>.
                @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>.
                @prefix eac_cpf: <http://archivi.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ontology/eac-cpf/>.
                @prefix schema: <https://schema.org/>.
                @prefix gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>.
                @prefix geo: <hhttp://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#>.
                @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
                @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
                @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>.


                :Federico_Fellini
                    eac_cpf:entity eac_cpf:person;
                    foaf:givenName "Federico";
                    foaf:surname "Fellini";
                    foaf:name "Federico Fellini";
                    foaf:gender "male";
                    dbo:nationality "italian";
                    foaf:birthday "1920-01-20"^^xsd:date;
                    dbo:deathDate "1993-10-31"^^xsd:date;
                    eac_cpf:biogHist "Federico Fellini was an Italian screenwriter, director, cartoonist and writer and is considered one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema. His most famous films - La strada, Le notti di Cabiaria, La Dolce Vita, 8 1/2, Amarcord - have become topoi mentioned all over the world.";
                    dbo:wikiPageExternalLink <https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Fellini>.



                :Sorelle_Fontana
                  eac_cpf:entity eac_cpf:corporateBody;
                  foaf:name "SorelleFontanaAltaModa_srl";
                  dbo:headquarter :Rome;
                  schema:foundingDate "1943" ^^xsd:date;
                  schema:dissolutionDate  "1992" ^^xsd:date;
                  eac_cpf:biogHist "Sorelle Fontana Alta Moda s.r.l. is a fashion house, specialized in high fashion sartorial productions. Founded in Rome in 1943 by three Italian sisters and stylists: Zoe (1911-1979), Micol (1913-2015) and Giovanna (1915-2004). The Fontana sisters, with their atelier, were the first to give a lively boost to Made in Italy, making the Italian style famous in the world.";
                  dbo:wikiPageExternalLink <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorelle_Fontana>.


                :Agency_Roger_Viollet
                  eac_cpf:entity  eac_cpf:corporateBody;
                  foaf:name "Parisienne de Photographie - Roger-Viollet";
                  dbo:headquarter "Paris";
                  schema:foundingDate "1938"^^xsd:date;
                  eac_cpf:biogHist  "The name of the Roger-Viollet family has become that of the famous Parisian agency of old photographs of the rue de Seine founded in 1938 by Hélène Roger-Viollet, on the initial base of the photographic collection constituted by his father Henri Roger-Viollet, engineer and experienced photographer";
                  dbo:wikiPageExternalLink  <https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger-Viollet>.


                :Italy
                    rdf:type rdf:place;
                    gn:name "Italy";
                    gn:alternateName "Italia", "Italie";
                    dbo:country "Italy";
                    geo:lat 41.89193;
                    geo:long 12.51133;
                    gn:countryCode "IT, ITA, 380";
                    dbo:wikiPageExternalLink <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy>;
                    dbo:abstract "Italy, officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana) is a European country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Italian Alps and surrounded by several islands. Located in the middle of the Mediterranean sea and traversed along its length by the Apennines, Italy has a largely temperate seasonal climate. The country covers an area of 301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi) and shares open land borders with France, Slovenia, Austria, Switzerland and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino.".

                :Cannes
                  rdf:type rdf:place;
                  gn:name "Cannes";
                  gn:alternateName "Cano", "Canne";
                  dbo:country "France";
                  dbo:city "Cannes";
                  geo:lat 43.55135;
                  geo:long  7.01275;
                  gn:countryCode  "FR, FRA, 250";
                  dbo:wikiPageExternalLink  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannes>;
                  dbo:abstract "Cannes is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity.".


                :Rome
                  rdf:type rdf:place;
                  gn:name "Rome";
                  gn:alternateName "Roma";
                  dbo:country :Italy;
                  dbo:city "Rome";
                  geo:lat 41.89193;
                  geo:long  12.51133;
                  gn:countryCode  "IT, ITA, 380";
                  dbo:wikiPageExternalLink  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome>;
                  dbo:abstract Rome is the capital city of Italy. Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region. It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4,355,725 residents, thus making it the most populous metropolitan city in Italy..


                :La_Dolce_Vita_lifestyle
                    rdf:type "concept";
                    dcterms:subject "La Dolce Vita";
                    dcterms:abstract The theme of the film is predominantly café society, the diverse and glittery world rebuilt upon the ruins and poverty of the Italian postwar period.;
                    dbo:relatedPlaces :Rome, :Italy;
                    foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18407>;
                    rdfs:seeAlso <https://www.ibs.it/dolce-vita-the-golden-age-libro-vari/e/9783940004925>;
                  skos:related :Federico_Fellini.

                :Prizegiving
                  rdf:type "concept";
                  dcterms:subject "The awarding of La Dolce Vita";
                  dcterms:abstract "The awarding of the Palme d'Or to Fellini for the movie La Dolce Vita";
                  dbo:relatedPlaces :Cannes;
                  rdfs:seeAlso <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palme_d%27Or>;
                  skos:related :Federico_Fellini.

                :Fellini_s_relationship_with_women
                  rdf:type "concept";
                  dcterms:subject "Fellini's relationship with women";
                  dcterms:abstract  "The woman in Fellini's imagination is always present, the absolute protagonist, playfully female, prosperous, shapely, huge breasts and hips,junonic, sometimes ridiculous, grotesque, all markedly Fellinian. Women have been a constant for the master.";
                  rdfs:seeAlso <https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/05/movies/fellini-on-men-women-love-life-art-and-his-new-movie.html, https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12018, https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18433>;
                  skos:related :Federico_Fellini, :Anita_Ekberg, :Giulietta_Masina.

XML¹


                  <rdf:RDF
                   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
                    xmlns:schema="https://schema.org/"
                    xmlns:dbo="http://dbpedia.org/ontology/"
                    xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
                    xmlns="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttl"
                    xmlns:gn="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#"
                    xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
                    xmlns:eac_cpf="http://archivi.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ontology/eac-cpf/"
                    xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#"
                    xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
                    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
                    xmlns:geo="hhttp://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#">
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlFederico_Fellini">
                    <foaf:name>Federico Fellini</foaf:name>
                    <eac_cpf:entity rdf:resource="http://archivi.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ontology/eac-cpf/person/>
                    <foaf:birthday rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">1920-01-20</foaf:birthday>
                    <foaf:surname>Fellini</foaf:surname>
                    <foaf:givenName>Federico</foaf:givenName>
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_Fellini"/>
                    <foaf:gender>male</foaf:gender>
                    <dbo:nationality>italian</dbo:nationality>
                    <eac_cpf:biogHist>Federico Fellini was an Italian screenwriter, director, cartoonist and writer and is considered one of the greatest directors in the history of cinema. His most famous films - La strada, Le notti di Cabiria, La Dolce Vita, 8 1/2, Amarcord - have become topoi mentioned all over the world.</eac_cpf:biogHist>
                    <dbo:deathDate rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">1993-10-31</dbo:deathDate>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlFellini_s_relationship_with_women">
                   <rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/05/movies/fellini-on-men-women-love-life-art-and-his-new-movie.html/>
                    <skos:related rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlGiulietta_Masina"/>
                    <skos:related rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlAnita_Ekberg"/>
                    <skos:related rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlFederico_Fellini"/>
                    <dcterms:abstract>The woman in Fellini's imagination is always present, the absolute protagonist, playfully female, prosperous, shapely, huge breasts and hips,junonic, sometimes ridiculous, grotesque, all markedly Fellinian. Women have been a constant for the master.</dcterms:abstract>
                    <dcterms:subject>Fellini's relationship with women</dcterms:subject>
                    <rdf:type>concept</rdf:type>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlCannes">
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#place"/>
                    <gn:alternateName>Canne</gn:alternateName>
                    <gn:countryCode>FR, FRA, 250</gn:countryCode>
                    <gn:name>Cannes</gn:name>
                    <dbo:country>France</dbo:country>
                    <gn:alternateName>Cano</gn:alternateName>
                    <dbo:abstract>Cannes is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity.</dbo:abstract>
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannes"/>
                    <geo:long rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">7.01275</geo:long>
                    <geo:lat rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">43.55135</geo:lat>
                    <dbo:city>Cannes</dbo:city>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlRome">
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#place"/>
                    <dbo:city>Rome</dbo:city>
                    <geo:long rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">12.51133</geo:long>
                    <gn:alternateName>Roma</gn:alternateName>
                    <geo:la  rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">41.89193</geo:lat>
                    <gn:countryCode>IT, ITA, 380</gn:countryCode>
                    <gn:name>Rome<gn:name>
                    <dbo:country rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlItaly"/>
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome"/>
                    <dbo:abstract>Rome is the capital city of Italy. Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region. It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4,355,725 residents, thus making it the most populous metropolitan city in Italy.</dbo:abstract>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlItaly">
                    <dbo:abstract>Italy, officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana) is a European country consisting of a peninsula delimited by the Italian Alps and surrounded by several islands. Located in the middle of the Mediterranean sea and traversed along its length by the Apennines, Italy has a largely temperate seasonal climate. The country covers an area of 301,340 km2 (116,350 sq mi) and shares open land borders with France, Slovenia, Austria, Switzerland and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino.</dbo:abstract>
                    <gn:alternateName>Italie</gn:alternateName>
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy"/>
                    <geo:lat rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">41.89193</geo:lat>
                    <gn:name>Italy</gn:name>
                    <geo:long rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal">12.51133</geo:long>
                    <gn:countryCode>IT, ITA, 380</gn:countryCode>
                    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#place"/>
                    <gn:alternateName>Italia</gn:alternateName>
                    <dbo:country>Italy</dbo:country>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlAgency_Roger_Viollet">
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger-Viollet"/>
                    <eac_cpf:biogHist>The name of the Roger-Viollet family has become that of the famous Parisian agency of old photographs of the rue de Seine founded in 1938 by Hélène Roger-Viollet , on the initial base of the photographic collection constituted by his father Henri Roger-Viollet, engineer and experienced photographer</eac_cpf:biogHist>
                    <schema:foundingDate rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">1938</schema:foundingDate>
                    <dbo:headquarter>Paris</dbo:headquarter>
                    <foaf:name>Parisienne de Photographie - Roger-Viollet</foaf:name>
                    <eac_cpf:entity rdf:resource="http://archivi.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ontology/eac-cpf/corporateBody"/>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlSorelle_Fontana">
                    <dbo:wikiPageExternalLink rdf:resource="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorelle_Fontana"/>
                    <eac_cpf:biogHist>Sorelle Fontana Alta Moda s.r.l. is a fashion house, specialized in high fashion sartorial productions. Founded in Rome in 1943, by the three Italian sisters and stylists: Zoe (1911-1979), Micol (1913-2015) and Giovanna (1915-2004). The Fontana sisters, with their atelier, were the first to give a lively boost to Made in Italy, making the Italian style famous in the world.</eac_cpf:biogHist>
                    <schema:dissolutionDate rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">1992</schema:dissolutionDate>
                    <schema:foundingDate rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">1943</schema:foundingDate>
                    <dbo:headquarter rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlRome"/>
                    <foaf:name>SorelleFontanaAltaModa_srl</foaf:name>
                    <eac_cpf:entity rdf:resource="http://archivi.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/ontology/eac-cpf/corporateBody"/>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Descriptionrdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlLa_Dolce_Vita">
                    <skos:related rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlFederico_Fellini"/>
                    <rdfs:seeAlso rdf:resource="https://www.ibs.it/dolce-vita-the-golden-age-libro-vari/e/9783940004925"/>
                    <foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Dolce_Vita"/>
                    <dbo:relatedPlaces rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlItaly"/>
                    <dbo:relatedPlaces rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlRome"/>
                    <dcterms:abstract>The theme of the film is predominantly café society, the diverse and glittery world rebuilt upon the ruins and poverty of the Italian postwar period.</dcterms:abstract>
                    <dcterms:subject>La Dolce Vita</dcterms:subject>
                    <rdf:type>concept</rdf:type>
                  </rdf:Description>
                  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlPrizegiving">
                    <skos:related rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlFederico_Fellini"/>
                    <rdfs:seeAlsordf:resource="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palme_d%27Or"/>
                    <dbo:relatedPlaces rdf:resource="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fellini-lod/fellini-lod.github.io/master/dolcevita_graph.ttlCannes"/>
                    <dcterms:abstract>The awarding of the Palme d'Or to Fellini for the movie La Dolce Vita</dcterms:abstract>
                    <dcterms:subject>the awarding of La Dolce Vita</dcterms:subject>
                    <rdf:type>concept</rdf:type>
                  </rdf:Description>
                </rdf:RDF>

Notes:

¹ For the creation of the XML file we converted the Turtle model that we have created with the EASYRDF - Converter

GRAPH

To see it in detail click here.

Data connection

We interconnected our data to other related items and resources on the World Wide Web creating semantic associations. We tried to connect our data by using different kind of properties and standards, but we widely re-used the attributes:

owl:sameAs - The built-in OWL property owl:sameAs links an individual to an individual. Indicates that two URI references actually refer to the same thing: the individuals have the same "identity".
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf - A document that this thing is the primary topic of.
rdf:seeAlso - Is an instance of rdf:Property that is used to indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource.

When necessary, we also used:

owl:differentFrom - Is used to state that two URI references refer to different individuals.
WN hypernym - to indicate a word that is more generic than a given word.

In this way, we were able to connect our items, through invented URIs, to other sources and repositories of knowledge, in order to create a solid connection between URIs and external linked open databases.

Federico Fellini

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/FedericoFellini

owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://lccn.loc.gov/n79056202"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="http://vocab.getty.edu/ulan/500081169"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://viaf.org/viaf/76315386/#Fellini,_Federico"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="http://dbpedia.org/page/Federico_Fellini"

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3068188"

WN hypernym rdf:resource="http://dbpedia.org/ontology/director"

Sorelle Fontana

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/SorelleFontana

owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://lccn.loc.gov/n95050524"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://viaf.org/viaf/156896721/#Sorelle_Fontana_(Firm)"

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3627887"

Roger-Viollet

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/RogerViollet

owl:SameAs rdf:resource="http://vocab.getty.edu/ulan/500074726"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://lccn.loc.gov/n96076857"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://viaf.org/viaf/155893312/#Documentation_générale_photographique_Roger-Viollet"

Roma

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/Roma

owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://viaf.org/viaf/251380480/#Rome_(Italy)"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423025"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="http://www.geonames.org/3169070/rome.html"

owl:isDifferentFrom rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584381"
owl:isDifferentFrom rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063327"

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20551909"

Cannes

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/Cannes

owl:SameAs rdf:resource="http://www.geonames.org/3028808/cannes.html"
owl:SameAs rdf:resource="https://viaf.org/viaf/256023601/#Cannes_(France)"

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27897155"

Fellini's relationship with women

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/FellinisRelationshipWithWomen

rdf:seeAlso rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18433"
rdf:seeAlso rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12018"

La Dolce Vita Lifestyle

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/LaDolceVItaLifestyle

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18407"

Prizegiving

URI:fellini-lod.github.io/Prizegiving

rdf:seeAlso rdf:resource="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618779"

Items

La fontana di Trevi

La dolce vita (soundtrack) by Nino Rota

La Dolce Vita (movie)

Fellini portrait

La Dolce Vita (poster)

Nella città delle donne: femminile e sogno nel cinema di Federico Fellini

Anita Ekberg and Marcello Mastroianni in the Trevi Fountain

Fellini and the Palme d'Or obtained for "La Dolce Vita"

Pretino

Fellini "spettatore" del suo film : Processo alla "Dolce vita"

E/R model & Conceptual map

Conceptual map

E/R model

Metadata analysis

Metadata alignment

People

Date

Place

Subject/Concept

Theoretical model

WHO : how to describe people/organizations?

WHERE : which kind of information for places?

WHEN : how to express the notion of time?

WHAT : what is the main subject/concept?

Conceptual model

WHO?

WHERE?

WHEN?

WHAT?

Data description

1 - Picture of Fellini with the Palme d'Or Prize

WHO? Agency Roger-Viollet

WHERE? Cannes

WHAT? Prizegiving

2 - "Pretino" costume

WHO? Sorelle Fontana

WHERE? Rome

WHEN? 1955

WHAT? Fellini's relationship with women

3 - "La Dolce Vita" Movie

WHO? Federico Fellini

WHERE? Italy

WHEN? 1960

WHAT? La Dolce Vita (lifestyle)

RDF

TURTLE

XML1

GRAPH

Data connection

Federico Fellini

Sorelle Fontana

Roger-Viollet

Roma

Cannes

Fellini's relationship with women

La Dolce Vita Lifestyle

Prizegiving

WHO?
Agency Roger-Viollet

WHERE?
Cannes

WHAT?
Prizegiving

WHO?
Sorelle Fontana

WHERE?
Rome

WHEN?
1955

WHAT?
Fellini's relationship with women

WHO?
Federico Fellini

WHERE?
Italy

WHEN?
1960

WHAT?
La Dolce Vita (lifestyle)

XML¹